Examining Chi-Square Test Statistics Under Conditions of Large Model Size and Ordinal Data     

Dexin Shi  Christine DiStefano  Heather L. McDaniel  Zhehan Jiang 《Structural equation modeling》2018,25(6):924-945

This study examined the effect of model size on the chi-square test statistics obtained from ordinal factor analysis models. The performance of six robust chi-square test statistics were compared across various conditions, including number of observed variables (p), number of factors, sample size, model (mis)specification, number of categories, and threshold distribution. Results showed that the unweighted least squares (ULS) robust chi-square statistics generally outperform the diagonally weighted least squares (DWLS) robust chi-square statistics. The ULSM estimator performed the best overall. However, when fitting ordinal factor analysis models with a large number of observed variables and small sample size, the ULSM-based chi-square tests may yield empirical variances that are noticeably larger than the theoretical values and inflated Type I error rates. On the other hand, when the number of observed variables is very large, the mean- and variance-corrected chi-square test statistics (e.g., based on ULSMV and WLSMV) could produce empirical variances conspicuously smaller than the theoretical values and Type I error rates lower than the nominal level, and demonstrate lower power rates to reject misspecified models. Recommendations for applied researchers and future empirical studies involving large models are provided.  相似文献   

Effective and inclusive schools? Attention to diversity in highly effective schools in the Autonomous Region of the Basque Country     

Nahia Intxausti  Feli Etxeberria  Isabel Bartau 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2017,21(1):14-30

This paper forms part of a research project that aims to characterise best practices in highly effective schools in the Autonomous Region of the Basque Country (ARBC). The aim is for the best practices identified to serve as points of reference when designing improvement plans to be implemented in all schools in the ARBC, with the advice and support of the education inspectorate. Highly effective schools are identified through the results of the Diagnostic Assessments carried out by the Basque Institute for Research and Evaluation in Education (ISEI-IVEI) of all primary and secondary schools in the ARBC. Multilevel statistical modelling and Hierarchical Linear Models were used to select 32 highly effective schools, with highly effective being taken to mean any school with higher-than-expected student results after adjusting for the effect of contextual factors. Eighty-three interviews were conducted with management teams, educational advisors and inspectors at each of the selected schools. This paper presents the results obtained in relation to how attention to diversity is organised. The practices identified included, among others, inclusive actions such as support teaching in ordinary classrooms, the splitting up of classroom groups, the formation of heterogeneous groups and the conceptualisation of the support provided as a shared teaching responsibility.  相似文献   

College chemistry students' mental models of acids and acid strength     

LaKeisha McClary  Vicente Talanquer 《科学教学研究杂志》2011,48(4):396-413

The central goal of this study was to characterize the mental models of acids and acid strength expressed by advanced college chemistry students when engaged in prediction, explanation, and justification tasks that asked them to rank chemical compounds based on their relative acid strength. For that purpose we completed a qualitative research study involving students enrolled in different types of organic chemistry course sections at our university. Our analysis led to the identification of four distinct mental models, some of which resembled scientific models of acids and acid strength. However, the distinct models are better characterized as synthetic models that combined assumptions from one or more scientific models with intuitive beliefs about factors that determine the properties of chemical substances. For many students in our sample, mental models served more as tools for heuristic decision‐making based on intuitively appealing, but many times mistaken, concept associations rather than as cognitive tools to generate explanations. Although many research participants used a single general mental model to complete all of the interview tasks, the presence of specific problem features or changes in the nature of the task (e.g., prediction vs. explanation) prompted several students to change their mental model or to add a different mental representation. Our study indicates that properly diversifying and sequencing the types of academic tasks in which students are asked to participate could better foster meaningful learning as different types of cognitive resources may be activated by different students, and thus shared, analyzed, and discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 396–413, 2011  相似文献   

The negative effect of school-average ability on science self-concept in the UK,the UK countries and the world: the Big-Fish-Little-Pond-Effect for PISA 2006     

Benjamin Nagengast  Herbert W. Marsh 《教育心理学》2011,31(5):629-656

Research on the relation between students’ achievement (ACH) and their academic self-concept (ASC) has consistently shown a Big-Fish-Little-Pond-Effect (BFLPE); ASC is positively affected by individual ACH, but negatively affected by school-average ACH. Surprisingly, however, there are few good UK studies of the BFLPE and few anywhere in the world based on science self-concept (S-ASC). Addressing this substantive limitation in existing research with data from PISA 2006, we extend new multigroup doubly-latent multilevel structural equation models – a substantive-methodological synergy. BFLPE predictions for S-ASC are supported for: the total international sample; the total UK sample; each of the four UK countries considered separately. The BFLPE was marginally larger in the UK than the international sample. However, consistent with the selective nature of school systems in the UK, the BFLPE was larger in Northern Ireland and, to a lesser extent, England than in Scotland or Wales.  相似文献   

Embedding Cognitive Behavioural Therapy training in practice: facilitators and barriers for trainee educational psychologists (TEPs)     

Garry Squires  Sandra Dunsmuir 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2011,27(2):117-132

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纵向数据线性混合模型中M估计的渐近正态性     

孙慧慧 《周口师范学院学报》2011,28(5)

对纵向数据的线性混合模型yk=Xkβ＋Ckτk＋ek用Fisher得分迭代法得到了参数的M估计（稳健估计）,并在一系列的正则条件下,证明了参数M估计的渐近性质．  相似文献   

民办本科高校科学发展的新途径研究     

秦小刚 《许昌学院学报》2011,30(2):155-157

在问卷调查的基础上,以郑州科技学院为典型个案进行详细的论证分析,提出民办高校应该以现有的基础为突破口,发挥其特长,走职业教育之路.  相似文献   

知识建构评价研究     

刘家亮 《中国教育技术装备》2011,(30):75-76

随着知识建构研究的兴起,知识建构的评价研究也将成为其中的一个研究重点。首先讲述知识建构的涵义、特征,在此基础上详细解析知识建构的评价原则,最后对知识建构评价模式进行梳理。  相似文献   

Theoretical and methodological implications of associations between executive function and mathematics in early childhood     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2019

Despite agreement about the importance of executive function (EF) for children’s early math achievement, its treatment in correlational studies reflects a lack of agreement about the theoretical connection between the two. It remains unclear whether the association between EF and math operates through a latent EF construct or specific EF components. Specifying the correct measurement model has important theoretical implications for the predicted effects of EF interventions on children’s math achievement. In the current study, we tested whether associations between EF and math operate via a latent EF factor, or via specific EF components using data from a large, nationally representative sample. We then replicated these same analyses with a meta-analytic database drawn from ten studies that collected measures of children’s EF and math achievement. Our results lend support to explanations that a single EF factor accounts for most of the EF component-specific associations with math achievement. We discuss theoretical and methodological implications of these findings for future work.  相似文献   

解读《钟形罩》中埃斯特·格林伍德的“理性疯癫”     

宋歌 《南阳师范学院学报》2011,(10):65-68

《钟形罩》是美国自白派女诗人西尔维娅.普拉斯创作的唯一一部长篇小说。长期以来,众多学者用女性主义的视角来解读主人公埃斯特.格林伍德的形象,认为小说记录了埃斯特从自我疏离到疯癫,直至重建真实自我的心路历程。然而埃斯特是否真正疯癫却没有受到应有的关注。文章将从父权社会的压制和女性榜样的缺失两个层面来分析埃斯特精神崩溃的原因,从而揭示她的疯癫只是父权文化给予的标签,并不是其精神状态的真实反映。这种所谓的＂疯癫＂是20世纪50年代觉醒的美国女性对性别政治的反抗形式,是一种充满反叛精神的＂理性疯癫＂。  相似文献